All words used in the singular include the plural, and the plural the singular; each gender includes the other; and any tense includes the other tenses unless the context requires otherwise. The word “shall” is mandatory and the word “may” is permissive. The word “includes” shall not limit a term to the specific examples, but is intended to extend its meaning to all other instances or circumstances of like kind or character. (Ord. No. 1305, (part).)